139. PORT-ORFORD-CEDAR, Chamaecyparis lawsoniana (A. Murr.) Parl. (Port-Orford white-cedar, Lawson falsecypress, Oregon cedar, Lawson cypress).

Large to very large tree of Pacific coast in southwestern Oregon and northwestern California. Bark reddish brown, very thick, deeply furrowed into large, fibrous ridges. Twigs slender, flattened. Leaves 1/16 inch long, or 1/8 to 1/4 inch long on leading shoots, bright green or pale beneath, glandular on the back. Cones about 3/8 inch in diameter.

Principal uses: The principal wood for storage battery separators. Venetian blinds. Lumber for construction and other uses. Shade tree, ornamental, and shelterbelts.

140. ALASKA-CEDAR, Chamaecyparis nootkatensis (D. Don) Spach (Alaska yellow-cedar, Nootka falsecypress, yellow-cedar, Sitka cypress, yellow cypress).

Large tree of Northwest Pacific coast region north to Canada and Alaska. Bark grayish brown, thin, irregularly fissured, fibrous and scaly. Twigs stout, 4-angled or slightly flattened. Leaves 1/8 inch long, or 1/4 inch long on leading shoots, dark green, usually without glands. Cones nearly 1/2 inch in diameter.

Principal uses: Interior finish, cabinet work, small boats, furniture, and novelties. Ornamental.

MM. Leafy twigs rounded or 4-angled.

P. Leafy twigs regularly branched almost at right angles; seeds in a hard cone CYPRESS (Cupressus).

141. ARIZONA CYPRESS, Cupressus arizonica Greene (smooth cypress; C. glabra Sudw.).

Medium-sized tree of southwestern United States and adjacent Mexico. Bark gray, rough, furrowed and fibrous, or checkered, or smoothish and shedding in thin scales. Leaves scalelike, 1/16 inch long, pale blue green. Cones 3/4 to 1 1/4 inches in diameter, on stout stalks 1/4 to 1/2 inch long and remaining attached several years.

Principal uses: Fence posts, ornamental, and shelterbelts.

PP. Leafy twigs irregularly branched at small angles; seeds in a "berry" JUNIPER (Juniperus).

142. ROCKY MOUNTAIN JUNIPER, Juniperus scopulorum Sarg. (western juniper [lumber], Rocky Mountain redcedar, redcedar).

Small to medium-sized tree of Rocky Mountain region, including adjacent Canada. Bark reddish brown, thin, fibrous and shreddy. Leafy twigs slender, about 1/32 inch in diameter. Leaves scalelike, 1/16 inch long, usually gray green, or on leading shoots needle-like, up to 1/4 inch long. "Berry" 1/4 inch in diameter, bright blue, bloomy, usually 2-seeded, maturing the second year.

Principal uses: Fence posts, fuel, lumber. Shelterbelts and ornamental.

143. ALLIGATOR JUNIPER, Juniperus deppeana Steud. (western juniper [lumber]; J. pachyphloea Torr.).

Medium-sized tree of southwestern United States and Mexico. Bark gray, thick, deeply furrowed into checkered or square plates. Leafy twigs 1/32 to 1/16 inch in diameter. Leaves scalelike, 1/16 inch long, blue green, glandular, often with whitish drops of resin, or on leading shoots needlelike, up to 1/4 inch long, pale or whitish. "Berry" 1/2 inch in diameter, bluish or brownish, bloomy, 4-seeded, maturing the second year.

Principal uses: Fuel and fence posts.

144. UTAH JUNIPER, Juniperus osteosperma (Torr.) Little (western juniper [lumber]; J. utahensis (Engelm.) Lemm.).

Small tree of Great Basin and Rocky Mountain regions. Bark gray, fibrous and shreddy. Leafy twigs stout, about 1/16 inch or less in diameter. Leaves 1/16 inch or more in length, yellow green. "Berry" 1/4 to 1/2 inch in diameter, brownish, bloomy, with 1 or 2 seeds.

Principal uses: Fence posts, fuel, and interior finish.

145. WESTERN JUNIPER, Juniperus occidentalis Hook. (western juniper [lumber], Sierra juniper).

Small to medium-sized tree of Pacific coast region. Bark reddish brown, furrowed and shreddy. Leafy twigs stout, 1/16 inch or more in diameter. Leaves scalelike, 1/16 inch or more in length, glandular. "Berry" 1/4 inch in diameter, bluish black, with 2 or 3 seeds.

Principal uses: Fence posts, fuel, pencils.

ANGIOSPERMS (FLOWERING PLANTS)

AA. Trees nonresinous, with leaves broad, shedding in fall in most species (evergreen in some oaks, tanoak, golden chinquapin, California-laurel, palms, etc.) seeds enclosed in a fruit ANGIOSPERMS (flowering plants).

Q. Leaves parallel-veined, evergreen, clustered at top of trunk or large branches; trunk with woody portions irregularly distributed, without clear distinction of bark and wood, and without annual rings MONOCOTYLEDONS (palms, yuccas, etc.; omitted here).

DICOTYLEDONS (BROADLEAF TREES OR HARDWOODS)

QQ. Leaves net-veined; trunk with bark and wood distinct and with annual rings in wood DICOTYLEDONS (broadleaf trees, or hardwoods, such as oaks, poplars, ashes, maples).

R. Leaves and usually branches in pairs (opposite).

S. Leaves not divided into leaflets (simple).

T. Leaf edges smooth, not lobed DOGWOOD (Cornus).